Mumbai Heat Simulator

Adjust the sliders to explore how land-use changes affect Mumbai's temperature and air quality. The model applies published coefficients against the April 2026 baseline.

Live in Mumbai28.7°CMostly clearWind 4.9 km/h from NWHumidity 83%as of 23:30 IST · Open-Meteo · 15 min cache

Illustrative, not predictive. This model uses linear regression coefficients from peer-reviewed studies. It cannot capture monsoon effects, advection, aerosol forcing, or spatial heterogeneity. See full caveats →

Month (captures monsoon)

Source: IMD climatology Mumbai 1991–2020

Wind direction (advection)

Source: State PCB wind-rose + zone land-use (Mumbai)

Aerosol load (AOD)

0.40 — Medium
0.11.0
LowMedHigh

Source: Babu et al., ARFI 2013 — Indian urban AOD-forcing. Day: −0.8°C / +0.3 AOD · Night: +0.5°C / +0.3 AOD · PM2.5: +30 µg/m³ / +0.3 AOD

Zone (spatial heterogeneity)

Selecting a zone resets sliders to that zone's baseline.

Time of day (aerosol forcing)

Switches aerosol forcing sign: day = cooling (solar dimming), night = warming (IR trapping).

Sentinel-2 · Q1 2024 EOX cloudless composite (latest free)
Δ°C · spatial
−50+5+8
Spatial ΔT · 8k cells · 400 m
Land-use + zone only. City-wide monsoon & aerosol stay in the readouts.

Historical Presets

Slider mode

Tree Canopy
18.4%
0%80%
Built-up Area
45.8%
0%100%
Water Bodies
km²
0 km²30 km²
Vehicles Index
35
0150
Population
12.4 M
0.5 M20 M
Modelled Temperature
35.5°C
+2.2°C[+2.20 … +2.20]°Cvs 33.3°C baseline

Where this delta came from:

  • Season/monsoon
    +0.90°C
  • Zone offset
    +1.30°C
Modelled PM2.5
50 µg/m³
0.0 µg/m³[0.0 … 0.0] µg/m³vs 49.5 µg/m³ baseline

WHO guideline: 15 µg/m³ (annual mean)

Brackets show the low–high band from the coefficient ranges in peer-reviewed sources: canopy 0.06–0.12°C/pp · built-up 0.05–0.1°C/pp · water 0.3–0.8°C/km² · vehicles 3–5 µg/m³ per +10 pp.

Baseline (April 2026): Canopy 18.4% · Built-up 45.8% · Water km² · Vehicles index 35 · Pop 12.44 M · Temp 33.3°C · PM2.5 49.5 µg/m³.